3 de abril de 2010

¿Qué es Periodismo de Paz?

¿Se han imaginado alguna vez que se pudiera promover la paz desde la práctica del Periodismo? ¿Que se pudieran evitar los falsos mitos de la guerra o franquear la propaganda a la que estamos expuestos desde los medios de comunicación?


Bueno, esto no es nada nuevo, son algunos los reporteros que lo están practicando y otros tantos los que llegan a establecer cierta teoría que ayude a las nuevas generaciones de periodistas.

Un buen periodista que cubra conflictos debe realizar una aproximación analítica del conflicto, buscar oportunidades que ayuden a identificar partes, objetivos, necesidades e intereses. Y, la teoría del Prof. Lynch sobre Periodismo de Paz (Peace Journalism) continúa diciendo que este tipo de periodismo de paz proyecta un modelo de conflicto multipartidista, sin llegar al maniqueísmo, encuentra un espacio para las perspectivas y las oportunidades (pegs) e informa sobre ellas.

Hace un año decidí realizar un curso sobre Peace Journalism, nuestro profesor resultó ser el citado Jake Lynch, reportero para la BBC y Sky News que ha cubierto varias zonas de conflicto. Hoy en día trabaja para la Universidad de Sydney y es Director del Centro por la Paz y Estudios de Conflicto de la misma universidad.

Dejo un video que nos abre los ojos a los que todavía no terminamos de abrazar ciegamente el periodismo tal y como nos lo presentan:



Ahora os animo a participar, al estilo del Prof. Lynch. Por ejemplo - y esto va a estar en inglés sin traducción>>

  • Describing peace journalism as “truth-orientated” is now too simple, what should replace it? - Prof. Lynch-

(Respuesta de Itxa) Saussure’s theory of Structuralism –which defends the establishment of contructedness of human meaning before the reality or the experience- assails Hall’s point of view about representation as constitutive, a representation that does not have meaning until it has been represented. Moreover, we shall add another theory’s evaporation, which is Levi-Strauss’s binary oppositions. Deconstruction hampers this binary oppositions, the dualism of contraries is off. 

So, let’s consider the main point of the task itself: replace truth-orientated. Taking on account that Truth is a stark work for representing the Reality, the assumption of Truth people seems to carry in their minds is objectivity(?), facts (?), conceptual maps that make news understandable. First of all, if we needed objectivity in news the famous Chronicles would disappear. Secondly, facts aren’t at all resume in 20 minutes of newsreels or in 5 of reportage. And conceptual maps are on hands of those who have the power of giving meaning to facts and applying ideologies that fix in the “reality-based community”. Out of this manicheism, let say something else about having a neccesary binary oppositions in life. Okay, it is easier to conjugate actions in life if we are given these oppositions to compare and chose: truth- untruth, good- bad, etc. Although it is interesting to say that the most famous binary theory, Yin Yang, is not enterely based on a binarial opposition. Even in this theory the facts are full of finer nuances impossible to precipitate in one of those poles.

After all this declaration, how can we replace truth-orientated if Truth is still undelimited? For me the clue is on its binary oppose: propaganda-orientated. That is why I came to the conclusion of a social role of media rescue, a withdrawal of advertising slavery and leaning on creativity-orientation. Social-orientated.

3 comentarios:

barmakid dijo...

So what exactly is "social-oriented" journalism?

I do believe that the effort to maintain objectivity in journalism is futile.

First, how does the journalist him/herself know that they are privy to all the information, which is necessary in order to be objective.

Two, one can say objectivity itself is a myth.

Then of course we have the propaganda journalism, most noticeably in the U.S. Fox (the right) and MSNBC (the left). I believe this sort of journalism is more effective in informing (or misinforming :)) the public.

But it doesn't help us reach the "truth," whatever the "truth" may be.

Yet, this much is true: As long as the advertisers steer the helm of journalism, the public will drift further and further away from the "truth."

PEace,
barmakid

itxa dijo...

merci Barmakid for your comment.

Social-oriented journalism as the primary objectif of Journalism;
Social-orientad journalism as the Social Function of this profession;
Social-oriented cause nowadays what we have is profit-oriented journalism....

barmakid dijo...

Como son los medios de communicacion en Espana? Se consideran como parte de la systema de economia como en los paises capitalismos?

PEace,
barmakid

p.s. por cierto, estoy leyendo un libro llamada "Una historia de Espana" para ayudarme a mejorar mi espanol. Es por Jose Luis Corral un profesor en la universidad de Zaragoza; el es un beun autor? Y Zaragoza, es una prestigiosa universidad en Espana?